Vivien Kellems, (born June 7, 1896 in Des Moines Des Moines is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is also the county seat of Polk County. A small portion of the city extends into Warren County. It was incorporated on September 22, 1851, as Fort Des Moines which was shortened to "Des Moines" in 1857. It is named after the Des Moines River, which may, Iowa Iowa ( /ˈaɪəwə/ ) is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland." It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New France; died 1975) was a Connecticut Connecticut (pronounced /kəˈnɛtɨkət/ ) is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and New York to the west and south (because various islands of New York span Connecticut's entire coast) industrialist who fought the U.S. federal government for over 25 years over withholding In the United States income tax system, employers are required to withhold a portion of each employee's income and pay it directly to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. This withholding acts as a prepayment of tax they will owe at the end of the year, as well as a direct payment of certain other taxes under 26 USC §3402, and other aspects of income tax in the United States The federal government of the United States imposes a progressive tax on the taxable income of individuals, partnerships, companies, corporations, trusts, decedents' estates, and certain bankruptcy estates. Some state and municipal governments also impose income taxes. The first Federal income tax was imposed during the Civil War, then again in. She was also a fervent supporter of voting reform and the Equal Rights Amendment The Equal Rights Amendment was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution which was intended to guarantee that equal rights under any federal, state, or local law could not be denied on account of sex. The ERA, originally written by Alice Paul and introduced in every Congress since 1923, failed to gain ratification before its June 30, 1.
Kellems received a BA from the University of Oregon The University of Oregon is a public, coeducational research university in Eugene, Oregon, United States. The second oldest public university in the state, UO was founded in 1876, and graduated its first class two years later. The University of Oregon is one of 60 members of the Association of American Universities. The Carnegie Foundation in 1918, where she became the only woman on the debate team Debate or debating is a formal method of interactive and representational argument. Debate is a broader form of argument than logical argument, which only examine the consistency from axiom, and factual argument, which only examine what is or isn't the case or rhetoric which is technique of persuasion. Though logical consistency, factual accuracy. She went on to earn a masters degree in economics, and worked towards a PhD at Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York is a private university in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. Columbia's main campus lies in the Morningside Heights neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan, in New York City. It was founded in 1754 as King's College by royal charter of George II of Great Britain, and is one of only two and the University of Edinburgh The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582, is an internationally renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. It was the fourth university to be established in Scotland, making it one of the ancient universities of the United Kingdom.
In 1927, she founded Kellems Cable Grips, Inc., in Connecticut, based on a patent A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state (national government) to an inventor or their assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for a public disclosure of an invention for an invention in the area by her brother. In 1948, she refused to collect withholding taxes from her employees on behalf of the government, stating, "if they wanted me to be their agent, they'd have to pay me, and I want a badge." She was interviewed about her tax opposition on "Meet the Press Meet the Press is a weekly American television news/interview program produced by NBC. It is the longest-running television show in worldwide broadcasting history, having made its television debut on November 6, 1947. It has been hosted by eleven moderators; the current host is David Gregory, who assumed the role in December 2008" on September 26, 1948 at a time when women rarely appeared on the show. She surrendered her case when continued pursuit of it threatened to bankrupt her company, but continued to challenge that and other aspects of the income tax for the rest of her life, saying in a 1975 Los Angeles Times The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. In 2008 it was the second-largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States and the fourth most widely distributed newspaper in the country interview that "[o]ur tax law is a 1,598-page hydra-headed monster and I’m going to attack and attack and attack until I have ironed out every fault in it." From 1965 until her death, Kellems reportedly only sent blank returns to the IRS. Her stands against the income tax system have made Kellems a mother figure to the tax protester A tax protester is someone who refuses to pay a tax on constitutional or legal grounds. Many claim the tax laws are unconstitutional or otherwise invalid. Some refuse to file a tax return or file returns with no income or tax data supplied. Legal commentator Daniel B. Evans has defined tax protesters as people who "refuse to pay taxes or file movement.[1]
Kellems Grip is the patented invention. Vivien Kellems and her brother Edgar Kellems invented an improved version of the wire mesh grip in use at that time and the "endless-weave grip" was born. Around 1928 Vivien Kellems solicited Queens Electric Light and Power Company and the Brooklyn Edison Company for a total of twenty orders, hired a man to weave wire the Kellems Company was underway.[2] The grip is a mechanical product for pulling, positioning, routing and strain relief of cables.
External links
- Vivien Kellems Papers from the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center at the University of Connecticut
- Vivien Kellems: Tax Resister, Feminist, and Industrialist by David T. Beito.
Footnotes
- ^ Gross, David (ed.) We Won’t Pay!: A Tax Resistance Reader ISBN 1434898253 pp. 419-428.
- ^ http://hblinfo.com/Kellems.asp Kellems Division of Hubbell Harvey Inc
Categories: 1896 births | 1975 deaths | American businesspeople Categories: American people by occupation | Businesspeople by nationality
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Kandydatki na wiceprezydenta vivien Kellems Urodzi a si 07 VI 1896 r w Des Moines w stanie Iowa Nied ugo potem jej rodzina przeprowadzi a si do Oregonu Na University of Oregon uzyska a dyplom baka arza
Giulio1970
ue, 07 Aug 2007 20:38:14 GM
come argomento anni fa una coraggiosa industriale del connecticut, . vivien kellems. , il datore di lavoro e... leggi ancora | posted by giulio1970 | commenti | email this blog this post on your blog aggiungi su del.icio.us aggiungi su ...
